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Christian Belief and Modern Science and Philosophy
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Milijan Slavnic
Christian Belief and Modern Science and Philosophy
1. Introduction
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In many aspects, Christian belief even now day, in modern world, gains a lot of (especially indirect) influence on important social forces in social structure, and represents social strength which creates in special forms now days look of our civilization, and a social look of future appearance of human civilization ?? of course, not in first place in aspect of Christian religion life, but in aspect of social and cultural structures and dependable sciences, and with strong meaning in aspect of a such wide spread influence of Christianity on whatever elite or popular opinions in society and social circles, particularly indirect influence, which is not always high on a roof of a social mind, but still it is very strong cultural influence. More than that, modern natural sciences and scientist talks more than ever about some basic truths of Christianity, even more and more while scientific truth becomes much more and more clear, and much more real like picture about world and Universe ?? that truths Christianity knows and talks about them for several thousand years. Some of those truths are well and reasonable specified, but some of them are indirect opinions told by persons in the Holy Bible, and in this essay we will try to make that opinions bright clear (much more explicit), with necessary comment, which will be scientific and philosophical comment.
Christianity is a religion, and Christian belief is religion belief, and specifically very strong religion belief. Intention in this article is not to make some different science by putting in wide rang of science theories from the Holly Bible ?? we want to investigate many moral and smart aspects, cultural, philosophical and scientific theories, thinking about our world and thinking, in fact, science thinking that Christianity gives. It isn??t unknown for publicity that twenty century science and twenty century model of science was in one important aspect bad to Christianity, maybe just as thinking and doctrine of Inquisition in Middle Age to science and philosophy was bad ?? without even one real proof about nonentity of God or nonentity of World of Heaven, without any valid fact, Christianity was even forbidden in main stream of that time modern science ?? every talk about God who created the World, and Heaven for human souls was in hundred percent risk to be unscientific, wrong, clerical, or even foolish. Nature was declared as reason, way, cause, and self possible after effect, result and consequence, and that time science was the ultimate ideology of world and being, thing understandable by itself. In this article, we will be focused on many smart and moral determinations in science and to science by a Christian religion teaching and knowledge.
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Science of XIX and XX century is a science of self-developed living world, and even science of self developed physical world in fact. But now days, modern biology, genetic, and maybe most of all sub nuclear physical science, all of them make question about possibility, about mathematical probability of self developing of nucleus, genetic code manifestations, or even one cell living organism. DNA in human body and in the other living beings is so complicated, that is almost impossible develop of such structure based on little variations, mutations in living beings ?? variations and mutations are in first place causalities of phenomenon of living, but not causes whose creates new kinds of life.
Sub atomic world is still under cover of plenty of different physical theories, still under covered deep in his secret. Modern physics uses not only high sophisticated nuclear accelerators, as experimental way to find out about secrets deep in atomic nucleus ?? science uses well known, almost classical part of mathematician science, statistics, trying to describe what is happening in world of atom and atomic nucleus.
To describe, that is a right word. Mathematics itself, and particularly statistics, always try to describe what is happening in some natural, physical, biological, climatic or some other process, without talking about causes of process which statistic and mathematics describes. But sometimes, description is more powerful than knowledge about source of causality in process. Many people know that fingerprint of every woman or man is different, and every zebra on this planet have a different pattern on her body. Much more than that, everything is different ?? human person walks about five or ten kilometers a day, and every step, all moves of muscles and bones are a little different. Every new rotation of tire on your vehicle is little different than any other. Statistic describes that differences by mathematical laws, and statistic is even in use in high sophisticated describing of atomic nucleus, but statistic doesn??t tell anything about of cause of all of that facts ?? deep cause in structure of being, cause in structure of electron, proton and neutron, and cause in structure in even smaller sub-substance.
High sophisticated nuclear accelerator which costs a billions of dollars is dump of needless steal without old fashion mathematical discipline, a statistics, science that describes atom nucleus, substance which is deep in every structure, in little flake and in big mass of Jupiter. Statistics describes atom, and statistics can describe every material thing in Universe.
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Modern term of a structure is much wider than idea of structure in near past of a science ?? while our knowledge grows bigger and bigger, it seams that so much of a knowledge lays in a future of science. Romantic days of XX century aspect in science told us that structure is structure only if scientific mind can find parts and links in matter which that science looks and observes. That is not true, because every piece of a substance in nature, in whole Universe, is particularly structure in some way, and that means that ??all mighty? science in that time told us that structure which that science well knows (that knowledge is not small, we don??t say that!) is ??quite enough? for knowing for human kind, and everything other ??is not a structure?, because science can??t find structure in every possible thing.
Now days, modern science knows that DNA in human kind works led by statistical pattern, and that??s why we are all different, every human person; modern chemistry and physics tells us that ??structure is everywhere in wide world of nature?, and ??accidental is only accident? ?? that mean: natural world is much more complex than we could except ever, and that world is far from picture of world without valid decisions and strong actions of creating ?? creating by God.
Natural world is not self developed world, like nature as some almost consciousness self developed system ?? world is developed, but developed by mystery of God, with all developing stadiums described by geology, chemistry, biology, and even with our social science. We will explain why.
Beings known by authors of the Holly Bible were beings only like big physical manifestations, like stars, Earth, sky, or humans, animals, trees, or stones, wood, water, etc. They described that God created world by creating that beings, and not by creating structures and substances, like He really is! If we take that, we can??t accept early scientific view about inexistence of God or Heaven, because authors of Bible didn??t developed geology, astronomy or sociology!
But, from philosophical aspect, philosophical (and in that way natural) being and God aren??t just same entity (nature isn??t God, like in some philosophies) ?? being is being and in God, and that means, no matter on God??s priority in Universe, He is on special way determined by being, even if He is very, very might and powerful ?? philosophical (and natural) being of Universe is being of God too on some way, and we must accept that premise. That picture is not completely same as Christian, because Christian religion tells that God is not from a being, that he is only God. We must, however, create a picture of philosophical being which determines (in some aspect) actions of God ?? other way, we are not a philosophers any more!
We will now discuss about minding, and human consciousness.
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Human consciousness and manifestations of conscience are not a mystery for human population, because everybody feel and know similar to each other ?? that situation we can describe as classroom with pupils when every pupil learn and read the same lesson. Actually, consciousness is deep scientific mystery, even today ?? secrets of mind are still the biggest secrets in wide area of a human knowledge.
Try to imagine still undiscovered world of human mind, like space of two intelligent substances ?? brain cells, and spirit of human soul, as intelligence itself. Early Christians didn??t know much about synapses in human nerve brain, and so on, they didn??t know much about structure of human soul, structure of yet undiscovered area that is transcendent even today, but they did know well known religion truths about human soul and Heaven, and truth about one living God.
Ethical, political, social and even scientific matters and points of view were contained in early Christian religion ?? more than religion truths, in Holly Bible are contained historical, law, political and state ideas ?? that time, it was impossible for writers of manuscripts to know how wide is really area of low, state and moral relations. They have made universal book about all relations in society of Old Age. That??s way, Christian voice for forgiving, and voice for one life chance for escape from sin for human soul, is more than strong ?? hell is hot place, uncomfortable at all, isn??t it?
If we separate idea about sin as only really truth of human world from idea about binary system of human brain mind and human soul intelligence and consciousness, like binary system of being, being that is in human being one complex, created by God for good purpose, than we can see intelligence better than intelligence in natural world on Earth, better than only human brain intelligence, and we see hearth beat and nerves from body in action, in affection to linked human soul in body of man. We can see wide social structure, a culture and civilization, like consequence of structure of human conscience, we can see a history of Mankind like product of a billions time iterated thinking in every human person, like story which on different ways tells only God-like being in Universe, a human, with so little knowledge about structure, but not about living, of half of our own structure of being. Try to make picture of billions people which soul now knows how hearth beats, and which brain and heart knows what is really intelligence, like soul. And, after death of human body, World of Heaven is there for immortal human spirit.
We will, in this essay, try to tell a story about human civilization like a space for such different social roles of people like way to learn our each brain-mind to intelligent reasons acceptable for human spirit, better than a space for fight with bad guys like devil, or hell.
First question is, of course, a question about being, or, in philosophical vocabulary, question of ontology.
2. Ontological Aspect of Christian Belief
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Visible world, world of suns, planets, continents and seas, is huge natural structure which occupies not only mind of scientists, but also mind of every new born child, every boy or girl, every young, middle age or old woman or man ?? intelligence and visible things are two different poles of magnetism, and there is a huge attraction between our visible world and observers. Visible world is a huge cluster of huge and little assemblies of bodies, of wide rank of bodies so different and wide spread by form, structure, physical condition, by wide rank of parameters ?? in fact, world is ordered cluster of that like bodies with atomic structure, with structure of atomic shield and nucleus, and sub nuclear, even smaller, structure. Science of Physics tries more then four centuries to resolve all the issues and problems in theories about nuclear and sub nuclear structure ?? bigger effort needs only much bigger scientific effort, and so on ?? now days, powerful states builds high power nuclear accelerators for investigation a such small world like world of nucleus really is. That research is the most important research in history of science to present days, because tries to give answer on simple question ?? on question what is a real nature of visible world, undiscovered to present days.
More than that, Christians believe in World of Heaven, unseen able world with different, not with atomic characteristics ?? that world is not created from atomic matter. Everything from that world is visible, visible is our world too ?? that is not true in opposite direction. Why? Because, only matter from that world in our Universe is a human soul, but human soul with eyes of soul looks strictly through eyes of human body, and for that fact there is no transparency to invisible World of Heaven.
That Christian belief is not lie, and it is not a waste of respect if we believe in that. If we consider that fact, classical philosophical picture, from time of Parmenides, picture about unity of being, disappears ?? we can to talk only about a binary system of two beings, being of visible world, and being of World of Heaven. Human person is only being in both of worlds that represents composite structure of both beings.
Now we can say that is, from Christian aspect and point of view, philosophical being binary system of two beings. Yes, it??s so simple, isn??t it?
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Most of all, World of Heaven is not only invisible for our eyes ?? that world must have some definition, some characteristics that defines the really nature of that world. Old Christians, so do we, didn??t know too much about World of Heaven, but they knew what defines the nature of that world.
We are witnesses that in our, physical world, in our Universe, everything falls and breaks apart ?? there is no even one thing that last forever with same characteristics, with same quality and same sort of qualities. Every possible thing can have, and during a time always have in some point in time, mischief, some bug, damage, breakdown, defect, malfunction or some kind of disservice. There is no even one thing in Universe, even mountains or heavy rocks, send, stars, water, even one molecule or atom, one electron and proton, that can be corrupted during a time, and that is principle which can??t be bypassed in Universe of known matter. Early Christians, even Jesus Christ himself, well knew that simple fact in some form, and that??s way they sad that that fact is definitional characteristics of our world. More than that, they sad: World of Heaven is world of eternity, and even one thing in that world can??t be damaged or defected! Human soul belongs to that world, and that??s way human spirit is immortal, well living far after death of human body ?? far to eternity.
When we accepted in this article philosophical fact about not one, but binary system of two different beings, we now can accept fact about definitions of that two beings ?? visible being falls and breaks apart, everything made of that being can be damaged and always in some point in time breaks down; invisible being, being of World of Heaven, is immortal being, that is being that can??t be damaged in any way. This observation is not pointed on singular beings, but on philosophical being ?? then is valid for all simple and singular beings, for all matter.
Just now, we well discus, talk a little about nature of bugs and mischief, about reasons for defect and breakdown, about physical science facts of that events whose definite all visible world and his truly nature.
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When people ask can a human being live forever, or can anything last forever, like watch, or TV set, or computer hard disk, that question isn??t without reason. People ask: without diseases, without injuries or without illness, can a human person, human body, live a thousand years, or even forever? In preceding chapter, we sad that everything in our Universe can get bad and even must get bad for some period of time. But, we must give some proof for that sentence of mind. Anyway, it is maybe philosophical, but it isn??t enough scientific to tell that cause for deterioration things and beings is lapse of time ?? that is actually true, but have we better, more scientific reason?
Answer is positive. We can find that answer in physical science term of ?? energy.
Physically, what is energy? Almost everything what we can se is moving, every physical body, like Sun, Earth, train, man, wind, ocean, electron or proton is moving. Every form of matter, every body and substance is moving, and that moving represents a physical term of physical work. Physical work is not some job useful to people, but every job is some sort of physical term of work, even pure thinking. Physical work does a physical power, and for that power is absolutely necessary physical energy.
Now if you ask why is a new house necessary for families after fifty or sixty years each time again, please know that air and wind, rain and water, light and temperature with it??s moving releases energy on roof of your house ?? water and air are powerful commandos of releasing of energy accumulated in atmosphere, and, getting and releasing energy in every system of physical bodies makes that bodies with time get bad. So, if you think that time and only time deprave things in your household or city, you must know that it isn??t time, it??s ?? energy.
Energy is one of primary characteristics of matter and substance, and it can??t be ever absolutely stole from even only one physical body ?? it can be shared, but it can??t be ever-never absolutely taken, and that??s way every physical thing in this Universe must get bad with time. Classical definition of energy is a capability of body to produce a physical work, but even today, nature of energy, like nature of subatomic world, is still fully undiscovered. Releasing energy is primary reason why things are getting old, or, other way, why things and beings time depraves. But, now you can be absolutely sure that man can??t live forever, like physical body ?? only soul of human can live forever! Yes, like in Christian Holly Bible? Do you see a pattern now?
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When we accuse energy for time dependent deterioration of things in cosmos, right question can be ?? does we say that every scientific, physical aspect, can??t be used for describing invisible World of soul and Heaven, every physical term, and if not, why is just energy token like exception?
There is good reason. Human science of physics is very, very powerful theory, even in basic principals.
While physical bodies moves in any aspect, and physical bodies always moves, exchanging of energy produces many sorts of rubs and abrasions, and other forms of energy dissipation, dissipation that affects all bodies in physical collision. Energy is sort of matter, and we can say that matter including energy makes deteriorations in itself, in all things made by visible matter, and that??s why, physics is not eligible like science to describe any aspect of World of Heaven. But, that simple isn??t true.
Except matter (substance) and energy, physical categories are space, including all three dimensions, and time. Space and time are undependable categories by substance or energy ?? maybe sounds silly, but wide space with all of three dimensions exist even if we imagine that there in no any bodies in that space! Space and his dimensions are not dependable by three dimensions physical bodies in that space, and even time is not dependable of time related occasions in space ?? if there is no any occasion, time simply exist even than, whatever it hasn??t any visible manifestation!
Now we can say that spirit of man, soul, can to move in some space, and to exist in some time; soul is invisible, but still has three dimensions, and uses time, even to eternity. And energy, now we can really claim energy like cause for defecting things in visible Universe.
If we are sure that human soul doesn??t use any kind of physical energy, than we can say that soul is free from strong power of gravity field, and that is very important consequence of our investigation.
Gravity field is strong, powerful physical field which is very good described in science, and his affections are very good known. But like other deep, structural, fundamental things in nature, modern physics still doesn??t knows his truly nature, deep in matter of thing. When we make conclusion that human soul is undependable by gravity field, we can easier understand how soul levitates, or even high flies, like in Christian traditional thinking, like in Holly Bible.
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As we can know, leading science for facts about substance and matter, science of physics, did not yet resolved all issues in that fundamentally important research. But, we know more about world things, substance and matter than early Christians, and we can be sure in that. More then that, philosophy like fundamental science too looks for philosophical being for centuries like basic term in knowledge about all visible things, without enormous knowledge of sub nuclear system, or high power gravity field. In fact, like philosophers, or like early Christians, we can know much about physics world from observations which provides our vision, our eyes, mind, and all sounds that we hear ?? huge base of knowledge is near to our hands even without fundamental investigations of modern physics. In this place, we can ask question about philosophical and scientific validity of Christian doctrine ?? old fashion Christian people knew more than dedicated philosophers about definition characteristics of visible world, they knew some facts about World of Heaven, about invisible human soul deep in our human being, and facts about some physical characteristics of than invisible world and human soul. Even when we know that Christian observations are mostly hypothesis, Christian faith and regularity of their observations are for first class degree.
Ontology is first and most important philosophical science, but not the only one ?? we investigated connection between scientific picture of being, and traditional philosophical thinking about things, beings and philosophical being, with Christian knowledge and beliefs contributed in scripts of Holly Bible; now we can more easily talk about gnoseology, philosophical science about knowledge, about ethics and aesthetics ?? only in that case we can complete philosophical picture with all four main disciplines, in fact for true. Gnoseology is sometimes more important even then ontological aspect, and we must be very careful on next pages.
3. Gnoseology and Christianity
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Story about picture which our senses make in our mind is older then modern science ?? it??s old like first philosophies.
Every woman or man is happy to see forms and shapes, light and colors, things, animals, other people, or stars. Picture that we can see or hear is preoccupation of thinkers for many centuries, and many philosophical battles were necessary main gnoseology (knowledge) issues to be resolved. Main conclusion, made in German Idealistic Philosophy, main conclusion after centuries of thinking, was that there is being-by-itself, so on, picture that we have (being-for-us), is much different from real estate of things, different from possible picture, but not possible for mankind, our brain and senses. Philosophers were divided on question of possibility of real knowledge ?? can humans get full possible knowledge, or only less or bigger part of ocean of knowledge, is it possible to know everything about philosophical being and all things and beings at all?
Now days, in XXI century, we can make conclusion that their thinking was wrong is some circumstances, that so, we can change meaning of Gnosticism and agnosticism ?? our senses and our mind have quit right picture of things, beings and being (that conclusion we can make by acknowledging all subtle, all fine details that we can determine, all small differences and huge amount of knowledge that we have), but that picture is always only part of a being, not in essential meaning, but in quantitative meaning, and in a meaning of unknowledgeable so small, the smallest parts of all things and beings, and of being as the major term (that means that we can know everything, but we still don??t know, or, structure of being is so complicated and wide and that??s why there is possibility that humans will never reach absolutely gnosis).
Christianity does think just like that ?? Christian Bible says that ??all hairs on your head are already counted (by God)? ?? that means: human knowledge is good and human being can determine what is good or wrong, and humans have a good picture about world, but only God have absolute knowledge about all things, and about philosophical being. Now, with Christianity, we are somewhere on a half way with Gnosticism and agnosticism philosophers, and with agnosticism of Emanuel Cant!
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When we talk about consciousness, we can even say that even simple living forms, simple animals, like ant or bee, like butterfly, have some sort of consciousness, even if they have not developed reason, mind, but only instinct ?? in wide rang of terms, we can define consciousness like capability of ordering themselves in wide area of natural reality, in nature. But, really consciousness is not represented even from strong developed, powerful human brain ?? brain represents consciousness, but only with real, gifted by God, with consciousness of human soul. It can be documented and proofed that powerful human brain couldn??t ever make culture, history and civilization without power of real consciousness, without help of gift from God for every man ?? without help of human soul.
We can see every they people??s pets, cats, dogs or birds, while that pets look TV program, sit on sofa, or go to bathroom ?? that, almost cultural characteristics, pets could never have in natural place for their being, in forest, or in country. Efficiency and exertion of human soul in social environment is so strong, that even animals, pets, can be influenced by human reason.
More than that, human consciousness is binary system, like human being is made by two beings, by two worlds. We can say that consciousness is not only binary system of two synchronized minds, but it is a mirror system! Yes, consciousness in soul and consciousness in mind are mirrored in every moment of time, and only that??s why we have one excellent, powerful and cohesive, very fine human reason, and reason like one practical, scientific and philosophical entity!
Let we make things clear. Biological brain is full capable, ready and enough intelligent for consciousness minding, but only capable, ready ?? biological brain couldn??t ever develop cultural forms and social being by itself, even if he do that full capable, but only in mirror mind system with human soul.
In Holly Bible, we can find support for this sentence on beginning of Bible ?? man was unable to create social life, work and communication, until God did ??take soul inside man, through his nose?. Interesting, isn??t it?
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It??s important for us to truly understand how much human brain is capable for intellectual operations that soul makes ?? synapses in human brain can receive a hundred time more information then woman or man accept in one life time ?? that means, if man could to live seven thousand years, then he could to memorize all events in such life, in new, dedicated space in brain cells, in synapses of human brain. Brain is truly miracle of biological structure of matter, of biological being; huge parts of brain cell are still undiscovered space for science, and we still don??t know all functions of human brain. But, we are witnesses of some weaknesses of our own mind ?? for example, with time and practice brain becomes slow for changes, inert for fast occasions which brakes standing, routine habit. Then we can ask, why human soul, without weaknesses of biological structure of matter like brain, does not order brain to be, for example, faster for changes, or, for other, more specific and important, games of nature of intelligence? Answer is simple: in synchronization of two intelligences whose make human reason and mind, human brain is window to outside for human soul, he reduces power of soul (soul don??t think independent, and soul see only what see our senses, and brain), and soul is more synchronized to brain then brain to soul ?? that means that weaknesses of brain become weaknesses of soul too, during a human??s life time. Higher feelings of human are feelings whose depends to soul, and brain through that way can transfer even physical pain which human body feels, to human soul, all the time while she is connected to human, while human (human body) is alive. Soul must during a life of man feel the beat of human heart, you remember what we said earlier in this essay, aren??t you?
For our next chapter, I??ll admonish you on fact in this article that picture which receives human soul from human brain and sensors of human body is reduced picture, reduced for essential details ?? soul can??t see other souls or spiritual matter while looks through biological structured eyes, through human brain like physical and biological structure. Human soul sees only part of a picture from picture which potentially can see, like entity without body after death of body, in World of Heaven. That fact is important for discussion about transparency, and about transcendence of human knowledge, another important gnoseology question.
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Modern psychology science takes meaning of substance of human minding, different then traditional philosophy does ?? philosophers mostly think that there is no time, space and proper method for investigating real nature of human subject of observing and thinking, mostly because everybody of us is subject who observes natural and social being, and everybody know about outer world, without need for investigation inner world, comprehensible by nature of thing. Modern psychology observes inner world, world of human mind and feelings.
When we know that, it??s not hard to understand important question for traditional philosophy, even for Emanuel Kant: is object of our observing (anything, perhaps natural, astronomical, biological, social or intellectual, or philosophical being, some part of natural being, assemblies of beings, etc.) transcendent, other way, when we observing, could we ever know really truth about ??being-by-itself?, or just we can see picture in our human subject of observing, picture that just represents our view on being, but not real true about being itself? What Christianity thinks about that problem?
Now days, in XXI century, when we have more apparatus for observing than ever (satellites, computers, electronic microscopes, shuttles, field accelerators, etc.) and more sciences and disciplines in sciences than ever, when we have better understanding of our brain, hear and sight then ever, with same good reason, we can say that philosophers took to far in that problem. Our picture is better then ever, and we can say that there is no any ??being-by-itself? ?? if we want to go so far with such that idea, why we couldn??t ask how kind of subject is necessary for eliminating barrier of that like being? No, that question is not necessary at all ?? if Kant could be alive today, with this science and this sort of scientific progress, he could be glad to say that object of observing is not transcendent.
But, in this essay we defend idea about inner space of human soul in all human beings. That means that not object, but subject of observing (in restriction to human soul) is (still) transcendent for us ?? not object of our attention, but subject of observing (human spirit). In that aspect, Christianity says that God nature is transcendent (Holly Trinity is transcendent term in Christianity). Well, man is God-like being, and God observes (much stronger and better than humans) like human subject ?? that??s why we can say that, in philosophical aspect, object of observation is not transcendent, but consciousness in higher definition really is
Object of observing, like nature, space, social world of humans, is not transcendent, but he is so complicated, deep linked in ocean of facts, object in general term is so deeply complicated for our scientific observation, that I ask myself can we ever resolve or scientific and practical issues of world in which we live. I think, we only can achieve answer on question why we exist, what is purpose of our society and other beings, and we will know why when we discover how ?? but all, all knowledge about everything, all facts of our world, complete understanding? No, I think not.
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Important question in every philosophical discuss that we must mention is question about causality chain in natural and social world, causality chain in all matters, things and beings, and in philosophical being ?? Christianity and Holly Bible talks about that question, so we go on further on that.
Some philosophers say that causality chain exist in all forms of events with natural and social beings, and they think that causality exist only as absolute causality, causality in absolute form of that term ?? we must say that causality really exist in many forms, and that is not matter of discuss ?? philosophers only discuss is it absolute.
Other thinkers say than human being, human subject, has a free will as part of inner being, and that??s why causality is not absolute in Cosmos ?? people do things through their will. Christianity means just like that ?? Christian Church teach people that they have their free will, opposite to idea of absolute causality.
Those things are simple and complicated at same time. I will try to proof that free will and absolute causality are not exclusive terms in their mutual relationship ?? I think that free will is not opposite idea to absolute causality in Cosmos, idea that I like to prefer.
Well, then. First, we must to say in which dimension of time lays free will, and in which dimension of time lays causality and causality chain ?? free will is aspect of future, which appears in present time (free will want to cause some thing or matter, some aspect, in future, but free will makes action, effects in present time). Opposite to that, causality is aspect of past time ?? when we analyze causes and consequences we are doing that by looking to a past. Free will acts in present time for events in future, and causality chain is time-dependent analyze of doing in past ?? we can say that free will makes causality chain.
Even if causality chain is not absolute, when we look events, time of events and consequence of events in past, when we hypothetically allow that some things are causal and some not, we can??t claim that there is strictly order in past ?? event and time of event have just one precise place in past, and all events and times of events are strictly ordered, no matter does we think are they causal or not. That means, absolute causality as matter of time in past time dimension is not impossible, even when we surely now that free will of man exist, but only in present and future time dimension.
So, we can say that our philosophy is not opposite to Christian belief when talks about absolute causality, and we can conciliate with Christianity about existence of man free will, with root deep in matter of human soul.
4. Christianity and Ethics
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Christian ethics is in bases very simple ?? love other people in community as you respect yourself, and do not do anything that is not good others to do to you. That is general principle, and in old times of Bible Christian community, that principle was not only matter of Christian religion, but matter of Christian community theoretical and practical low. During the time, Middle Age lows forgotten that basic Christian true, and low became everything but not rightful like in early Christianity ?? equality of people became only principle in religion matters and thinking. That situation lasted for centuries, for long time just near to beginning of French revolution ?? well known French philosophers, people from philosopher circle known as Encyclopedists, like Voltaire or Russo, proclaimed sentence about ??Equality, Brotherhood and Freedom?, or, well known principle today, principle which represents foundation of modern low and justice: ??All people are equal in front of the law and justice?.
Let me take just now. I??m not saying that early Christians knew as much about law like Encyclopedists, or modern law experts ?? I??m only saying that basic Christian ethics is not explicit, but implicit contained in French revolution theory elements, and in elements in modern civil right and low, in modern civil society. If you do not want to do anything to other people what hurts you, that is very (implicit) similar to equality of people in front of the low. New result of French philosophers is that they principle of equality put in middle of term, theory and practice of state, society, justice, law and international low, not only, like Christians, in religion community relations. And of course, they were surely more explicit.
Equality do not means that every man has same quantity of money or fortune; that is not being of equality ?? that??s why, we can??t claim civil society for social inequality like for rightful matter of being of equality ?? civil society can be surely claimed for other things, and disparity is only appearance of other problems with disparity like final form deep in nature of society. That means, if you are a poor man, you??re still rightful equal in front of the law, but, equality has other problems, not like that only fortune of other people.
Ideal situation is only ideal, and law is not always truly guarantied low like in Constitution and other civil law acts ?? that is not matter of this chapter of this article, but it is matter of this essay in general ?? equation is simple, and I??ll try to explain.
Law definitions in acts, laws and law practice is so complicated, and even Constitution is so complicated, because occasions in human society are complicated, so complicated, that low must be huge, mostly hard understandable to laics, and sometimes unrightfully bad. Human society is a ??sui generis? substance in Universe, and scientific and philosophical being of human society is new event, new quality in relation to natural, or living, biological being, even being of assemblies of organisms, even humans. Law is complicated, huge and hard for rightful appliance because human society is huge assembly of terms, links and relations, social roles, and events. And why that? Because, as I??m saying in this article, just only one human being is, as element of human society, like being defined as binary (human body and brain, and transcendent human soul as second being in binary connection), is deep structured, complex and still deep undiscovered ?? when we brake through in investigations for matters which discuss and argue this essay, when philosophy and science find what is so complex and difficult for understanding inside our human being world, then we will resolve: human being structure as binary structure of two worlds; society like being ??sui generis?; finally, question about social world like world of equality and freedom, like place in which meaning of law becomes a complete and fully practice of law!
Question about philosophical being that we discuss here (with fully understanding of philosophical and scientific aspect of Christianity) can to result not only with answers about humans, our inner world, about society, or practical equality of people in front of the law ?? answers on that important question can stop many wars and crisis, many confrontations and other problems in international relationships. Enough good answer on these questions can resolve term and nature of human being and society, and that??s why can resolve many wars too!
For low just as low, for theoretical and practical aspect of justice, my personal opinion is that now is right time for, in generally, different approach to matter: rights are not depending to classes, nations, sexes, citizens or estates ?? right is singular right which depends to singularity of each person singularly, and that means, that right and justice are not matter of genus, but matter of singularity of every human being. It??s hard to explain what that deeply means, and I??ll try to do that some other time.
Church and state are separated in modern world, but we still can??t claim scientists, philosophers, politicians and other people in publicity whose believes in Christianity, when they say that Christianity principles are basic principles even for modern democracies, in implicit meaning, of course. Really, before two thousand years, new faith offered to us more than new religion principles ?? Christianity gains principles for many modern features of low and democracy, and we must to resolve only things which Christianity advocacies for centuries ?? existence of God nature, human soul, Heaven? When we resolve question about being from that aspect, we will stop the wars and crisis?
5. Aesthetics
5 ?? 1
Aesthetics is next philosophical science, and we first must say that Christianity has not developed aesthetics criteria almost at all ?? we must know that Christianity is in first place religion, not philosophy. Christianity on some way talks only about aesthetics of human person, while telling that human is made ??like picture of God??s countenance?. Let we think about it.
Bodies, beings and things in Universe are aesthetics not only by human criteria about single aloof characteristics which different artists and philosophers interpret differently ?? aesthetic features of things are not matter of parts of things and being or beings and bodies as discrete, specific part of philosophical being ?? aesthetics features are immanent feature of philosophical being, directly linked to matters of ontology.
Things in Universe, things and beings in planet Earth nature, or even bodies which man created, like cities, houses, bridges, cars, etc., are nice by aesthetics criteria that we can accept after huge, complex observation of huge numbers and sorts of beings. We can simply say that when we find prettiness and beauty, than we think that we loose beauty, and we don??t see that prettiness any more; disappointed man in same second see beauty and prettiness again, and metaphysically, we can say, with deep root in matter of philosophical being and ontological structure, that prettiness and bad-looking feeling in our sight in same time, like on spring balance with same ballast of good and in same time bad looking, makes our aesthetics picture.
Energy effect. While time is going on, natural things and things in Universe are getting old on natural way, with other aesthetics with other singular criteria in every moment of time, but with the same main principle about good and bad looking in same time ?? aesthetics criteria is always present, in every phase, and philosophical being of matter and substance of this world keep worry to make always things to be aesthetics, while that things exist, no matter how that stuff is really old. Aesthetics criteria are matter of being, and this world is aesthetics world.
What about unnatural, about by social effects made things and beings, things that man created? From beginning of our civilization, human beings respect ancestral aesthetics being on many forms, ideas, concepts and solutions, but man??s work is always aesthetics ?? that feature is ancestral by aesthetics features of natural world and being, but structures are absolutely new, with new qualities. Main principle of spring balance of good and bad looking which makes psychological meaning and feeling of beauty is still void. What else is void? Actually, time and energy effects ?? man??s made thing in flow of time became different, but still always aesthetics, like natural being ?? that is feature of philosophical being of our Universe and world.
5 ?? 2
When we discuss about aesthetics of human face, situation is no so simple, like for natural and social world beings, but, main principle like aesthetics as spring-balance of in same time good and bad looking, with our reaction with different opinion in one moment time to another ?? that is aesthetics of our permanent misunderstanding are things and beings pretty or not ?? when we think that someone is bad looking person, in next moment we clearly see some beauty on face of that person; so do, when someone is a good looking, in next moment we clearly see some bad looking characteristics on his face. Aesthetics of our world is aesthetics of dilemma in every next second is it something pretty or not, for every possible being, and human face too.
What is specific? Aesthetics of human face is not only aesthetics of characteristic of face, but it is aesthetics of fusion of muscles and shapes of face, with human inner psychology, smiles, feelings, crying, smiling, and all of other psychological features. That mean: inner world in human person makes full complex with physical and biological shapes on human face, through nerve system of brain and nerves under muscles of face. Psychological ascendancy on human face is in real fusion, in compact complex with biological and physical characteristics of face ?? all of that gives special features to aesthetics of humans, but main aesthetical principle about beautiful and unbeautiful impress almost in same period, moment of time, stays.
There is one more specific feature of human face. I call that feature ??impress?, or ??print? ?? that is a hard visible feature, visible sometimes on sunny day in summer, or in spring. We can sometimes to see impress on human face when we look good, with Sun in our eyes, while face of a person that we look stays opposite to Sun ?? it is good if that person is smiling, with a little bit of melancholy.
Impress is aesthetics, but not only aesthetics feature that God gives to face of every human being, hard and only sometimes visible, but really existing. If you can see impress on gold or silver jewelry, on your expensive watch, than you can understand why God puts impress on his highly valuable human persons, by nature of their human being.
When we take all that facts, we can say that human persons are pretty, human face is aesthetics part of human being, but beauty is not main reason for human existence, and not main reason for existing of our civilization. God could make humans prettier, but humans are enough pretty just now, like world in which they live (in meaning of philosophical being, described in this essay) ?? aesthetics is not the most important philosophical science.
Now we can say, in some accord with Christianity, that God make man ??like picture of God??s good will about man and his appearance?, but not like (certainly absolute perfect) ??God??s appearance? ?? we can accept that somehow old Christians had right aesthetical metaphor!
6. Conclusion
6 ?? 1
Christianity is powerful religion more than two thousand years, with strong influence in social and political issues through all that time. But, near by religion, social, political and other meanings of Christianity is philosophical and scientific, strong philosophical and scientific meaning. More then in important Christian issue about sin of mankind, more then in all religion issues about world of sin and suffer, about religion true and law about human sins, we find importance in Christian picture about immortal human soul in every human body, in picture of one living God, resident in World of Heaven, with power to create world and Universe, and to make good things in that world ?? it??s important true for every woman or man to know that after death of physical body, human soul with complete consciousness of that person goes to live in eternal World of Heaven, near one living God, creator of Universe.
In second chapter, we discussed about implicit ontology of Christianity, which we make in this essay completely explicit ?? that is not just simple fusion of sciences from philosophers-spiritualist, and from philosophers-materialist. Binary system of two philosophical beings ?? one perishable and mortal, and one perfect and eternal ?? is not simple science of dualists, or spiritualists or materialists. In interpretation in this article, new point of view talks about ontological question, based on Christian religion belief.
In third chapter, we discussed about knowledge of humans, about gnoseology issue. Main theses about possibility of knowledge tells us that we can know things about us world in principle without theoretical borders, but knowledge is even then to huge, to big that we can??t reach absolute knowledge maybe ever. Transcendent is subject of knowledge in process of observation, not object ?? that means: we know about things just on right way, but we still don??t know how we really know!
In field of ethics issues, we do not say only that Christian science is in order (on implicit way) with modern principles of democracy, low and freedom ?? more than that, with foundation of that these in ontology, we can say: postulate (proposition) of thesis about equality and freedom, as well as Christian thesis about love and order between people, lies in nature of dual nature human being, lies particularly in nature of human spirit ?? even the best low can be useful without human being created by God with deep nature of right and order. All of that represents link from ethics to ontology, to metaphysics of Christianity.
We discussed in fifth chapter about aesthetics. I tried to proof a connection of aesthetical model ??spring-balance? with definition of visible part of two-nature philosophical being ?? connection between aesthetics and ontology lies in nature and ontological definition of visible being. We sad that things and beings, people and animals, are pretty with conclusion of aesthetics of ??spin-balance?, and, more then that, we can say now that art is possible and nice, because visible being is pretty and nice by definition ?? more than that, means: every art has foundations in ontology (metaphysics). We can discuss more about that some other time.
7. About Author
7 ?? 1
World of Christianity, and particularly world of Holly Bible, is not a simple world, easy for conclusions and complete understanding. I was a kid when friend of my father, Christian Church priest, gave nice, luxury, red Orthodox Church Holly Bible, for his clever and smart kid. In those days, it was too complicated even to reading, not only for understanding.
Seven years latter, begins a civil war, and human destinies becomes wild and evil. Hunger and pain opened pages of Holly Bible, same Bible that have been gifted years before that. Many days passed with rapture thinking about things in Holly Bible, but also in hard scientific and social science related work, literature and poetry work, and in computer engineering ?? result deep understands not about letter, but also about spirit of Holly Bible events.
Main work in English: ??Sonnets I?, ??Sonnets II?, ??Sonnets III?.
Main work in Serbian: ??Noc? (??Night?), ??Podnevno sunce? (??Meridian Sun?), ??Varka? (??Deadfall?), ??Roman o ljubavi? (??Novel about Love?), ??Gradske price? (??City Tales?), etc.
© Milijan Slavnic 2005.